How exactly does cold affect machines? To start off, matter contracts when exposed to cold temperature. This contraction can cause tolerances between mechanical components to change. It can lead to tightening or loosening of tolerances. Overly tight tolerances can increase wear due to friction. It can also increase power consumption since the power generator has to work harder to overcome the restrictive friction. In combustion engines, loose tolerances reduce mechanical power output, In oil-lubricated machines, cold hinders the circulation of oil. This happens because oil thickens when cold. It doesn't circulate well, making it difficult for a machine to get properly lubricated. This can speed up wear. Cold affects performance and longevity of the machines.
Cold testing, also known as low temperature testing, is done to determine how a machine or engine behaves under low temperatures. It is needed to make sure that machines are able to operate properly and safely even in cold conditions. Cold testing chambers are used.
Cold chambers are not that different to cold storage used for food products. However, instead of ordinary refrigerants, a special type of heat transfer fluid is used. A low temperature testing fluid is designed to be more efficient at transferring heat. The testing fluid is formulated for the demanding requirements of cold testing. A cold testing chamber can produce much lower temperatures compared to an ordinary cold storage.
Large manufacturing facilities have their own cold testing chambers. Smaller operations rely on third party companies to perform cold tests.
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