Antifreeze is an additive that lowers the freezing point of water or a water-based liquid. It is an important component in fire suppression system. In a sub-zero environment, water within the fire suppression system would freeze. This means water is unable to flow, thereby making the entire system useless in the event of a fire. Also, the expansive force of freezing water can cause pipes to burst and put tremendous stress on other components of the fire suppression system. The addition of antifreeze in the water prevents the aforementioned problems and make the suppression system reliable.
Most antifreeze also has an anti-boil effect. That is, they increase boiling temperature of the water-based liquid. In the event of a fire, water would not boil easily from the rising temperature, making it more effective at putting out the fire.
There are some very strict requirements when it comes to the chemical composition of the fire suppression antifreeze. An example is that it must be non-toxic. In a typical setup, there is fire suppression plumbing all around the building, running around living and working areas filled with people. A burst or leak would expose the people to the antifreeze. This is why the non-toxic property is essential. Other requirements are common-sense like being non-flammable.